Discovering the history of a country is one of the most alluring parts of travel. So, it makes sense that you’d be drawn to checking out some of the oldest buildings in the world, if given the chance.
In the world of archaeological and historical definitions, the term “building” can be a little contested, with some counting edifices in various states of ruin, whereas others require a little more structural integrity in the construction for it to count. However, we’re sure that if you visit the sites in the below list, you’ll be wowed.
1. Göbekli tepe
This neolithic settlement in Türkiye is considered to be the oldest structure in the world made by humans that’s still standing today. It was built before we even had the wheel, all the way back in 9000 B.C (or thereabouts), which makes it twice as old as Stonehenge.
The UNESCO World Heritage Site consists of large, standing stones arranged in circles. It might appear simple, but being there is awe-inspiring.
Image source:Frank Samol / unsplash
2. Knap of Howar
The Orkney Islands in Scotland are full of remarkably well preserved, ancient sites. The oldest of these is Knap of Howar, on the Island of Papa Westray. This site, presumed to be a homestead, is the oldest structure in Northern Europe, and is a truly remarkable site to wander around. Skara Brae on a nearby island is also one of the oldest buildings in the world.
3. Stonehenge
When people think of ancient, mysterious structures, Stonehenge in England often comes to mind. The stone structure was built around 3000 B.C, and is the oldest surviving construction of its kind in England. After centuries of being ignored, in the 19th century there was a big movement to restore it to its glory, which has allowed it to become one of the UK’s top tourist attractions.
Historians still don’t know exactly what the site was used for, or how it was built. Even so, it holds a special place in British culture, and is home to events during the summer and winter solstices.
Image source:Contiki
4. Megalithic Temples of Malta
Parts of this temple complex may have been built as early as 3600 B.C, yet much of it still looks sturdy and imposing. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, these temples are vital to our understanding of how neolithic culture developed. Local folklore claims giants built the temples, and when you see them, it’s easy to see why people believed that.
5. Pyramid of Djoser
If there’s one thing that Ancient Egyptian culture is known for, it’s building incredible, long-lasting structures. While the Great Pyramid of Giza might be considered one of the most famous landmarks in the world, the Pyramid of Djoser is actually older.
Designed by the great priest Imhotep, it is the earliest colossal stone building in Egypt, and is absolutely awe-inspiring to be in the presence of.
Image source:Dmitrii Zhodzishskii / unsplash
6. Mohenjo-daro
This sprawling settlement in Pakistan was one of the earliest major cities in the world, with an estimated population of around 40,000. Since it was rediscovered in the 1920s, some serious excavation has taken place, meaning visitors can now see some of the incredible structures and artefacts that were once a vital part of this thriving settlement.
Sadly, Mohenjo-daro is threatened by erosion, showcasing the importance of historical preservation when it comes to making sure future generations can enjoy the oldest buildings in the world.
7. Ziggurat Ur
This Neo-Sumerian structure, in what is now Iraq, may have been as tall as 30m, which is incredibly impressive considering it is estimated to have been built in the 21st century B.C. Dedicated to the Mesopotamian moon god, it was restored and partially reconstructed in the ‘80s, and is now one of the most well preserved structures of its kind.
Image source:حسن / unsplash
8. Tomb of Cyrus the Great
Some ancient rulers are laid to rest under a simple burial mound, but not Cyrus the Great. His mausoleum, located in Iran, is widely considered to be an early example of earthquake engineering, and is the oldest base-isolated structure in the world.
Although the tomb has technically been renovated twice, most of it is still the original structure. Definitely a must-visit on any round-the-world trip to see the oldest buildings in the world.
9. Sanchi
An ancient Buddhist complex and UNESCO World Heritage Site, this site is known for its famous stupa, which towers over the surrounding areas. Situated in Madhya Pradesh, India, it’s a truly astounding piece of architecture, and a wonderful slice of a diverse country’s heritage.
Image source:Ameena Tasneem / unsplash
10. Temple of Apollo at Corinth
Greece is one of the best places to visit for any history lover, and one of the oldest buildings in the country is the Temple of Apollo at Corinth. Located around an hour drive from Athens, the structure is still mostly standing, and the weight of history sits in the atmosphere as you visit. An incredible site in a nation that’s full of them.
